Market capitalization</strong></a>, or market cap, refers to <strong>the value of the combined stock shares of a corporation</strong>. The market cap of a company can be calculated by multiplying the stock price with the overall number of shares issued by the company. The S&amp;P 500 keeps track of the stock market index by analyzing the risks and returns made by the featured companies.</p>\n<p>The value of a company is calculated when its market cap is divided by the overall market capitalization. The <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-large-cap/">large-cap stocks</strong></a> of the companies featured on the S&amp;P 500 are valued at around $9.8 billion, making it a <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-benchmark/">benchmark for the stock market index data.&nbsp;</p>\n<p>The S&amp;P 500 index is float-adjusted, meaning that only the shares available to investors are used to calculate the market capitalization, and any shares owned by governments or other organizations are excluded.</p>\n<p>The value is directly affected by any <strong>fluctuation</strong> in the share prices. However, the companies at the bottom of the ladder do not hold the same weight on the overall value as the top-rated organizations.&nbsp;</p>\n<p>The S&amp;P 500 is considered <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-volatility/">volatile due to the <strong>frequent fluctuations in prices</strong>. Therefore it may be difficult for those with less market experience to employ the index for market predictions. However, financial experts can use prior data trends to create prospective outlooks of the interest and return rates in the markets.</p>\n<p>Companies that aim to be featured in the S&amp;P 500 index must meet certain criteria:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>The company must be registered for public trading in the US;</li>\n<li>The market cap must be valued at at least $9.8 billion;</li>\n<li>The public float must consist of at least 10% of all outstanding shares;</li>\n<li>The company must show good income performance in the most recent quarter;</li>\n<li>The company must prove it <strong>has achieved positive earnings in the past four quarters</strong>;</li>\n<li>The company must demonstrate the payability of any short-term debts.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>All companies listed in the S&amp;P 500 must maintain operations on public markets. The companies are obligated to publicly share their quarterly and annual performance data.</p>\n<p>Furthermore, they must be tax-compliant, <strong>transparent</strong>, and provide the stockholders with complete financial clarity. The S&amp;P 500 companies must file with the <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-securities-and-exchange-commission-sec/">Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)</strong></a> regularly.</p>\n<p>The S&amp;P 500 index features some of the best-known global brands. At the time of writing, the largest companies featured on the index by weight are Apple, <strong>Microsoft</strong>, Amazon, Alphabet (Google), and Tesla. However, the index is not limited to the Big Tech companies and also features other industries, such as healthcare, entertainment, and oil &amp; gas.</p>\n<p>Traders should purchase <strong>exchange-traded funds</strong> if they wish to invest in the S&amp;P 500 index. 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Tokens?","featured_image_id":null,"status":"published","chapter_id":8,"language":"en","order":4,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/how-to-track-new-crypto-coins","featured_image":null,"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"how-to-research-crypto","title":"Crypto Research Fundamentals & Social Signals: Your Daily Trading Strategy","featured_image_id":null,"status":"published","chapter_id":8,"language":"en","order":5,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/how-to-research-crypto","featured_image":null,"youtube_video":null}]},{"id":9,"title":"Mining","slug":"mining","updated":false,"chapter":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/assets/crypto-book/chapters/learn-crypto-mining.jpg","chapter_simple":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/assets/crypto-book/chapters-simple/crypto-mining-101.jpg","rating":80,"sections":[]},{"id":10,"title":"Crypto Terms","updated":false,"chapter":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/assets/crypto-book/chapters/crypto-101-glossary.jpg","chapter_simple":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/assets/crypto-book/chapters-simple/crypto-glossary-101.jpg","rating":100,"sections":["A","B","C","D","E","F","G","H","I","J","K","L","M","N","O","P","Q","R","S","T","U","V","W","X","Y","Z"]}],"nextSection":{"id":686,"original_id":null,"author_id":41,"translator_id":null,"title":"What is Scam?","slug":"what-is-scam","section":"S","keyword":"Scam","status":"published","definition":"a scheme that is meant to deceive the victim and cheat them out of their physical or digital assets.","content":"<p>A <strong>scam</strong> is a malicious scheme that&rsquo;s designed to deceive its victims. Scammers typically aim to gain access to or cheat the victims out of information, physical, or digital assets.</p>\n<p>With the rise of <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-cryptocurrency/">cryptocurrency and <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-blockchain/">blockchain technology</strong></strong></a>, new scams directed at attempts to trick people out of their crypto assets have been developed.</p>\n<p>There are numerous types of scams that can be done to steal people&rsquo;s crypto coins, including blackmail, falsified <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-initial-coin-offering-ico/">initial coin offerings (ICOs)</strong></a>, <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-phishing/">phishing, and <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-ponzi-scheme/">Ponzi schemes</strong></strong></a>, to name a few.</p>\n<p>A common strategy is to open a <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-wallet/">wallet to fund an initial coin offering. Once the date of the release comes, the project is deleted, and the scammers run away with the investors&rsquo; money.</p>\n<p>Phishing attempts include building websites that look legitimate but steal the users&rsquo; information. Scammers that use phishing may attempt to steal hot wallet addresses or bank details to transfer the funds to their own accounts.</p>\n<p>Recently there has been an increase in scams related to <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-non-fungible-token-nft/">non-fungible tokens (NFTs)</strong></a>. Some &ldquo;creators&rdquo; may upload an NFT online or promise an NFT collection only for it to end up as a <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-rug-pull/">rug pull</strong></a>.</p>","level":"easy","meta_title":"What is Scam? Definition & Meaning | Crypto Wiki","meta_description":"Scam meaning: Scam - a scheme that is meant to deceive the victim and cheat them out of their physical or digital assets.","meta_keywords":null,"language":"en","created_at":"2022-03-29T06:31:58.000000Z","updated_at":"2022-05-13T14:32:23.000000Z","preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-scam"},"prevSection":{"id":684,"original_id":null,"author_id":42,"translator_id":null,"title":"What is Secure Element?","slug":"what-is-secure-element","section":"S","keyword":"Secure Element","status":"published","definition":"a hardware chip that can run a certain number of apps, store private information, and provide controlled access.","content":"<p>A <strong>secure element (SE)</strong> is a hardware chip that can run a set of programs, store confidential data, and grant controlled access. Depending on the application, the <strong>SE microprocessor chip</strong> is excellent for handling payment information, personal identification numbers (PIN), passwords, and other private information.&nbsp;</p>\n<p>It has a highly arbitrary <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaluation_Assurance_Level/" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noindex noopener\"><strong>EAL</strong></a> <strong>rating of 1-7 </strong>and is generally used in the cryptocurrency world to permanently seal and secure <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-private-key-secret-key/">private keys</strong></a> in <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-hardware-wallet/">hardware wallets</strong></a> like CoolWallet, Ledger, or any other.</p>\n<p>There are a few different types of secure elements &ndash; <strong>microSD hardware cards</strong>, universal integrated circuit cards (UICCs), embedded SE, and cloud-based SE. Talking about embedded SE, it enables SE elements to be <strong>pinned to the motherboard of a device</strong>. Either embedded UICCs or embedded SEs fall under this type of security elements.</p>\n<p>In consideration of cloud-based SE, it lowers the cost of running a <strong>host device's physical hardware chip</strong>. Besides, it offers an effortless user experience without sacrificing the security that microprocessors give.</p>\n<p>Access restriction is the main feature of SE and it allows to provide unparalleled security. Only <strong>pre-installed programs</strong> are supported by the chip, which provides reading and writing access solely to trusted devices and apps like virtual storage and point-of-sale terminals.</p>\n<p>Some of the other features that secure elements have include:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Detecting <strong>hacking attempts</strong> and alterations (when applied on a hardware level).</li>\n<li>Storing important private data, such as encryption keys, in <strong>secure memory</strong>.</li>\n<li>Producing key combinations to run asymmetric <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-encryption/">encryption./n/n

Authentication, contactless or NFC payments, <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-digital-signature/">digital signatures</strong></strong></a>, <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-wallet/">cryptocurrency wallets</strong></a>, and other important areas rely on SE.</p>","level":"easy","meta_title":"What is Secure Element? Definition & Meaning | Crypto Wiki","meta_description":"Secure Element meaning: Secure Element - a hardware chip that can run a certain number of apps, store private information, and provide controlled access.","meta_keywords":null,"language":"en","created_at":"2022-03-29T06:27:20.000000Z","updated_at":"2022-05-13T14:32:23.000000Z","preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-secure-element"},"currentChapter":"S","currentSection":"what-is-sandp-500-standard-and-poors-500","chapterTitle":"S","readingLevel":"medium"},"url":"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-sandp-500-standard-and-poors-500","version":"cdd198d50cbe5c9c21c9329d7c096ffc"}" class="container-fluid d-flex crypto-book p-0">

Crypto Terms: Letter S

What is S&P 500 (Standard and Poor's 500)?

S&P 500 (Standard and Poor's 500) MEANING:
S&P 500 (Standard and Poor's 500) - a stock market index representing the performance of the top 500 companies in the US.
Medium
2 minutes

Let's find out S&P 500 (Standard and Poor's 500) meaning, definition in crypto, what is S&P 500 (Standard and Poor's 500), and all other detailed facts.

The S&P 500 (Standard and Poor’s 500) is one of the best internationally recognized stock market indexes. It is used to observe and measure the performance of the top 500 biggest firms in the US by market capitalization.

Market capitalization, or market cap, refers to the value of the combined stock shares of a corporation. The market cap of a company can be calculated by multiplying the stock price with the overall number of shares issued by the company. The S&P 500 keeps track of the stock market index by analyzing the risks and returns made by the featured companies.

The value of a company is calculated when its market cap is divided by the overall market capitalization. The large-cap stocks of the companies featured on the S&P 500 are valued at around $9.8 billion, making it a benchmark for the stock market index data. 

The S&P 500 index is float-adjusted, meaning that only the shares available to investors are used to calculate the market capitalization, and any shares owned by governments or other organizations are excluded.

The value is directly affected by any fluctuation in the share prices. However, the companies at the bottom of the ladder do not hold the same weight on the overall value as the top-rated organizations. 

The S&P 500 is considered volatile due to the frequent fluctuations in prices. Therefore it may be difficult for those with less market experience to employ the index for market predictions. However, financial experts can use prior data trends to create prospective outlooks of the interest and return rates in the markets.

Companies that aim to be featured in the S&P 500 index must meet certain criteria:

  • The company must be registered for public trading in the US;
  • The market cap must be valued at at least $9.8 billion;
  • The public float must consist of at least 10% of all outstanding shares;
  • The company must show good income performance in the most recent quarter;
  • The company must prove it has achieved positive earnings in the past four quarters;
  • The company must demonstrate the payability of any short-term debts.

All companies listed in the S&P 500 must maintain operations on public markets. The companies are obligated to publicly share their quarterly and annual performance data.

Furthermore, they must be tax-compliant, transparent, and provide the stockholders with complete financial clarity. The S&P 500 companies must file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) regularly.

The S&P 500 index features some of the best-known global brands. At the time of writing, the largest companies featured on the index by weight are Apple, Microsoft, Amazon, Alphabet (Google), and Tesla. However, the index is not limited to the Big Tech companies and also features other industries, such as healthcare, entertainment, and oil & gas.

Traders should purchase exchange-traded funds if they wish to invest in the S&P 500 index. Some of the most popular index funds used to track the S&P 500 performance are the Fidelity 500 Index Fund (FXAIX) and Vanguard 500 Index Investor Shares (VFINX).