unconfirmed transactions</a>.</strong></p>\n<p>The attacker sends the victim an unconfirmed transaction. Meanwhile, they broadcast to the network <strong>a conflicting transaction. </strong>Since the victim observed their own transaction first, they believe they will be paid. However, since the rest of the network saw the double-spend first, it’s likely that the victim will not get the money.</p>\n<p>Such an attack is significantly easier to carry out when the attacker has a direct connection to the victim's <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-node/">
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The attacker blocks the communication between <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-node/">
nodes in a certain chain and the ones that are outside of it. This way, the attacker creates <strong>parallel <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-blockchain/">blockchains. When the attack is over, all <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-block/">
blocks mined within the smaller chain are discarded. Any transactions and the earnings of the miners are discarded as well.</p>","level":"easy","meta_title":"What is Routing Attack? Definition & Meaning | Crypto Wiki","meta_description":"Routing Attack meaning: Routing Attack - an attack against an Internet Service Provider's uptime or participation in a web-enabled system (e.g., a blockchain).","meta_keywords":null,"language":"en","created_at":"2022-05-24T08:18:08.000000Z","updated_at":"2022-06-07T11:49:23.000000Z","preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-routing-attack"},"prevSection":{"id":945,"original_id":null,"author_id":41,"translator_id":null,"title":"What is Redundancy?","slug":"what-is-redundancy","section":"R","keyword":"Redundancy","status":"published","definition":"an unnecessary excess of information, features, or other aspects.","content":"<p>Redundancy refers to the <strong>unnecessary excess of an element</strong>. It’s a broad concept that encompasses numerous fields, including computing, communications, and <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-cryptocurrency/">
crypto. Redundancy can describe additional information or features that may not be necessary beyond the potential possibility to take over if the <strong>initial feature malfunctions or fails</strong>.</p>\n<p>Given the range of examples of redundancy, attempts to list all of them can themselves be redundant. Some of the common instances of redundancies experienced in the everyday life are:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Computing – unused extra storage <strong>space</strong> available on computers. In this case, the redundancy acts as a security measure to ensure that the system does not run out of storage in case of technical failure;</li>\n<li>Networks – additional pathways connecting the nodes. The duplicates are established to ensure that the network traffic does not experience interferences even if the network encounters issues;</li>\n<li>Communications – additional channels that are used to <strong>ensure data security</strong> as it travels via different paths;</li>\n<li>Datacenter design – extra servers. Additional systems are established to keep running if the first one goes down.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>As seen in the examples, redundancies are often relied upon as failsafe technologies. They ensure that the processes are steadily maintained even if the primary features encounter any problems that could disrupt the service.</p>\n<h2>Benefits of Redundancy</h2>\n<p>Redundancy can be a helpful feature to <strong>increase system productivity</strong> and consequently improve financial performance. Companies that rely on redundancy as a security measure often provide more reliable services and maintain a good reputation in the market. Therefore, using redundancy measures can help companies grow <strong>their clientele</strong> and increase revenue.</p>\n<p>Redundant systems require more hardware resources like processors to improve the system capabilities and function more smoothly. This can decrease the possibility of lag for the users. A redundant system can overtake some of the network load in case the computer system is <strong>overloaded</strong> and help maintain a steady service without any delays.</p>\n<p>As a failsafe tool, redundancy can help avoid system issues if the server crashes and the system data is corrupted or erased during a failure. Redundant systems can be used to <strong>synchronize backup</strong> and ensure that as much of the lost data can be recovered as possible.</p>\n<h2>Blockchain Redundancy and Fault Tolerance</h2>\n<p>Blockchain essentially functions as a <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-distributed-ledger/">
distributed ledger</strong></a>. It is used to store transaction data that is considered <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-immutable/">immutable – it <strong>cannot be modified</strong> after verification. This data can then be accessed and viewed by all members of the blockchain networks.</p>\n<p>To ensure that the data is accurate and its legitimacy is agreed upon by the network nodes, the blockchain uses a <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-consensus/">consensus mechanism</strong></strong></a> as means of verification. The redundancy is created by providing each network member with a copy of the blockchain record, thus ensuring all data is valid throughout the system.</p>\n<p>Thanks to the redundancy of data, blockchains are considered to be highly fault-tolerant. The downside of this trait is the massive requirement for storage space across the network. Creating transaction copies for all participants of the chain requires each <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-node/">node to use up more storage space and computational resources.</p>","level":"hard","meta_title":"What is Redundancy? Definition & Meaning | Crypto Wiki","meta_description":"Redundancy meaning: Redundancy - an unnecessary excess of information, features, or other aspects.","meta_keywords":null,"language":"en","created_at":"2022-04-20T10:24:06.000000Z","updated_at":"2022-05-13T14:32:24.000000Z","preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-redundancy"},"currentChapter":"R","currentSection":"what-is-race-attack","chapterTitle":"R","readingLevel":"easy"},"url":"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-race-attack","version":"cdd198d50cbe5c9c21c9329d7c096ffc"}" class="container-fluid d-flex crypto-book p-0"> Crypto Terms: Letter R
What is Race Attack?
Race Attack MEANING:
Race Attack -
a malicious activity when two transactions are created at the same time using the same funds to spend them twice.
Let's find out Race Attack meaning, definition in crypto,
what is Race Attack,
and all other detailed facts.
The race attack is a particular kind of a double-spend attempt. It requires the recipient to accept payment for unconfirmed transactions.
The attacker sends the victim an unconfirmed transaction. Meanwhile, they broadcast to the network a conflicting transaction. Since the victim observed their own transaction first, they believe they will be paid. However, since the rest of the network saw the double-spend first, it’s likely that the victim will not get the money.
Such an attack is significantly easier to carry out when the attacker has a direct connection to the victim's node and deposits the conflicting transaction directly to the miners.
