C++, <a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Python_(programming_language)/" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noindex noopener\"><strong>Python</strong></a>, and <a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-java/">
Java. OOP stores data in the form of fields of attributes and codes in objects in the form of procedures or methods. Below you’ll find the main distinction between these two programming techniques.</span></p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Origin</span></h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The <strong>declarative programming paradigm</strong> is connected to the OOP paradigm, whereas the procedural programming paradigm is derived from the imperative programming model.</span></p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Focus</span></h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The procedural programming paradigm is <strong>based on algorithms</strong>, which are mainly concerned with the storage, manipulation, and administration of data.</span></p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The object-oriented programming paradigm, on the other hand, <strong>focuses on the objects that developers desire to manipulate</strong> rather than the logic that is required to manipulate them.</span></p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Approach</span></h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Procedural programming takes a top-down approach to solve problems, breaking down a large and complex problem into <strong>smaller chunks</strong> that might be investigated separately. </span></p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">A bottom-up approach, on the other hand, is used in object-oriented programming, which requires assembling smaller portions to create a larger object. </span></p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The procedural programming and object-oriented programming approaches are diametrically opposed.</span></p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Working Mechanism</span></h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The basic concept of procedural programming is to break down a tough problem into smaller sections that are easier to understand, handle, and manage.</span></p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Object-oriented programming, on the other hand, focuses on the objects that will be processed rather than the method or logic that will be used to process them.</span></p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Division of Programs</span></h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The procedural programming paradigm divides a program into functions or code chunks. In this paradigm, the <strong>function is the programming unit</strong>. </span></p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The OOP paradigm divides the program into various objects of classes, with the class serving as the programming unit.</span></p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Memory Requirement</span></h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The procedural programming <strong>paradigm</strong> operates with a very small amount of memory.</span></p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Object-oriented programming, on the other hand, needs a vast amount of memory.</span></p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Storage of Data</span></h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Data and related activity are <strong>stored in a single location</strong> in an object-oriented programming paradigm, whereas they are divided and stored in numerous regions in a procedural programming paradigm.</span></p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Besides, the procedural programming paradigm does not support<strong> parallel programming</strong>, while the object-oriented programming model does.</span></p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Communication</span></h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Code is communicated by <strong>invoking the program's function</strong> in the procedural programming paradigm.</span></p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">In OOP, on the other hand, objects communicate with one another by passing messages.</span></p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Debugging and Repurposing Code</span></h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Debugging procedural programming <strong>is</strong> difficult while debugging object-oriented programming is basic and simple. In addition, when compared to procedural programming, object-oriented programming allows for far easier code reuse.</span></p>","level":"hard","meta_title":"What is Procedural Programming? 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One?","featured_image_id":11310,"status":"published","chapter_id":7,"language":"en","order":3,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/ico-vs-ido","featured_image":{"id":11310,"uuid":"315e8a2b-93a1-4870-be48-a2a09d801663","public_url":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/storage/optimized/ico-vs-ido-featured-image.jpg","path":"crypto/storage/optimized/ico-vs-ido-featured-image.jpg","original_path":"crypto/storage/original/ico-vs-ido-featured-image.jpg","name":"ico-vs-ido-featured-image.jpg","original_name":"ico-vs-ido-featured-image.jpg","title":null,"alt":null,"width":1024,"height":576,"disk":"spaces","status":"uploaded","readable_file_size":"64.39KB"},"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"what-is-an-airdrop","title":"What are Crypto Airdrops and How to Get 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Assets?","featured_image_id":6542,"status":"published","chapter_id":7,"language":"en","order":5,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/how-to-get-free-crypto","featured_image":{"id":6542,"uuid":"4fceb9ab-391e-4ef9-b00d-c871a49878a3","public_url":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/storage/media/how-to-get-free-crypto.o.jpg","path":"crypto/storage/media/how-to-get-free-crypto.o.jpg","original_path":"crypto/storage/media/how-to-get-free-crypto.jpg","name":"how-to-get-free-crypto.o.jpg","original_name":"how-to-get-free-crypto.jpg","title":null,"alt":null,"width":768,"height":478,"disk":"spaces","status":"uploaded","readable_file_size":"93.93KB"},"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"how-to-arbitrage-crypto","title":"What is Crypto Arbitrage: The Main 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Pulls?","featured_image_id":6555,"status":"published","chapter_id":7,"language":"en","order":10,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/how-to-avoid-rug-pulls-in-crypto","featured_image":{"id":6555,"uuid":"80cbed9d-3b4b-45d9-9a85-d2d8108c0f32","public_url":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/storage/media/how-to-avoid-rug-pulls.o.jpg","path":"crypto/storage/media/how-to-avoid-rug-pulls.o.jpg","original_path":"crypto/storage/media/how-to-avoid-rug-pulls.jpg","name":"how-to-avoid-rug-pulls.o.jpg","original_name":"how-to-avoid-rug-pulls.jpg","title":null,"alt":null,"width":768,"height":478,"disk":"spaces","status":"uploaded","readable_file_size":"111.99KB"},"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"how-to-avoid-crypto-taxes","title":"The Key Legal Techniques of Avoiding Crypto Taxes","featured_image_id":6526,"status":"published","chapter_id":7,"language":"en","order":11,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/how-to-avoid-crypto-taxes","featured_image":{"id":6526,"uuid":"1e44162c-ef1d-4010-81b4-9e8d1809aedf","public_url":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/storage/media/how-to-avoid-crypto-taxes.o.jpg","path":"crypto/storage/media/how-to-avoid-crypto-taxes.o.jpg","original_path":"crypto/storage/media/how-to-avoid-crypto-taxes.jpg","name":"how-to-avoid-crypto-taxes.o.jpg","original_name":"how-to-avoid-crypto-taxes.jpg","title":null,"alt":null,"width":768,"height":478,"disk":"spaces","status":"uploaded","readable_file_size":"99.10KB"},"youtube_video":null}]},{"id":8,"title":"Crypto Analysis","slug":"crypto-analysis","updated":null,"chapter":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/assets/crypto-book/chapters/learn-crypto-analysis.jpg","chapter_simple":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/assets/crypto-book/chapters-simple/crypto-analysis-101.jpg","rating":100,"sections":[{"slug":"what-is-bullish-and-bearish","title":"Bearish and Bullish Markets: Do They Matter?","featured_image_id":null,"status":"published","chapter_id":8,"language":"en","order":1,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/what-is-bullish-and-bearish","featured_image":null,"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"best-technical-analysis-indicators-for-crypto","title":"5 Best Crypto Technical Analysis Indicators You Must Know About","featured_image_id":null,"status":"published","chapter_id":8,"language":"en","order":2,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/best-technical-analysis-indicators-for-crypto","featured_image":null,"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"what-is-candlesticks","title":"Technical Analysis: What are Candlesticks, Trendlines, and Patterns?","featured_image_id":null,"status":"published","chapter_id":8,"language":"en","order":3,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/what-is-candlesticks","featured_image":null,"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"how-to-track-new-crypto-coins","title":"Crypto Tracking: How to Track Your Favorite Coins & Tokens?","featured_image_id":null,"status":"published","chapter_id":8,"language":"en","order":4,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/how-to-track-new-crypto-coins","featured_image":null,"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"how-to-research-crypto","title":"Crypto Research Fundamentals & Social Signals: Your Daily Trading Strategy","featured_image_id":null,"status":"published","chapter_id":8,"language":"en","order":5,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/how-to-research-crypto","featured_image":null,"youtube_video":null}]},{"id":9,"title":"Mining","slug":"mining","updated":false,"chapter":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/assets/crypto-book/chapters/learn-crypto-mining.jpg","chapter_simple":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/assets/crypto-book/chapters-simple/crypto-mining-101.jpg","rating":80,"sections":[]},{"id":10,"title":"Crypto Terms","updated":false,"chapter":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/assets/crypto-book/chapters/crypto-101-glossary.jpg","chapter_simple":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/assets/crypto-book/chapters-simple/crypto-glossary-101.jpg","rating":100,"sections":["A","B","C","D","E","F","G","H","I","J","K","L","M","N","O","P","Q","R","S","T","U","V","W","X","Y","Z"]}],"nextSection":{"id":889,"original_id":null,"author_id":43,"translator_id":null,"title":"What is Profit and Loss (P&L) Statement?","slug":"what-is-profit-and-loss-pandl-statement","section":"P","keyword":"Profit and Loss (P&L) Statement","status":"published","definition":"is a type of financial statement that shows how the company has performed financially during a specific time period.","content":"<p>A <strong>Profit and Loss (P&L) Statement</strong>, also referred to as an income statement, earnings statement, expense statement, or operations statement is a type of financial statement where companies report their revenue, expenses, gains, and losses incurred throughout a specific period of time. </p>\n<p>This type of financial statement allows the company to assess its performance in regard to the amount of money it’s making or losing. It does this by evaluating these aspects:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Revenue - the total amount of money generated from selling goods or services;</li>\n<li>Costs - the amount of money spent to sell goods or services;</li>\n<li>Net <strong>profit</strong> - the remnants of subtracting costs from revenue.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>This is considered to be crucial information when making business decisions and investments. </p>\n<p>Public companies must report Form 10-Q to the U.S. <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-securities-and-exchange-commission-sec/">
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)</strong></a> on a quarterly basis. Private companies are the exception to this rule.</p>\n<p>While the statement is a legal requirement, companies may also fill it for their own personal interests. Entire corporations and smaller divisions within said corporations can fill out a profit and loss statement.</p>\n<p>The P&L statement is used for a variety of other purposes such as:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ensuring investors, regulators, and tax collectors are up to date with the company’s performance;</li>\n<li>Making informed business decisions;</li>\n<li>Preparing future budgets;</li>\n<li>Analyzing and measuring the company’s profitability;</li>\n<li>Cutting expenses.</li>\n</ul>\n<h2>What is in a Profit and Loss Statement?</h2>\n<p>This is the structure of a P&L statement:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sales revenue is the total amount of money a company receives from selling goods or services. It takes into account every discount and sale as well as a deduction from goods that were returned; </li>\n<li>Costs of goods and services sold refer to the amount of money that is directly spent on the process of selling goods and services such as elements of production like labor and materials;</li>\n<li><strong>Operating income</strong>, also known as earnings before taxes, describes the amount of money left after subtracting direct and indirect costs from the sales revenue. </li>\n<li>Operating expenses refer to the expenses that a company incurs when operating as usual. It takes into account various indirect costs including rent, general office supplies, salaries of administrative personnel, repairs, and utilities to name a few. Equipment depreciation is sometimes added to the operating expenses. </li>\n<li>Gross profit represents the remaining amount of money after deducting the cost of goods and services sold from the sales revenue. </li>\n</ul>\n<h2>How to Calculate a Profit and Loss Statement?</h2>\n<p>You can calculate the P&L statement by taking away the costs of goods or services sold out of the total revenue. Next, calculate the net income by also taking away operating expenses from the total revenue. </p>\n<p>What is the difference between a Profit and Loss Statement and a Cash Flow Statement?</p>\n<p>P&L statement tracks revenue minus expenses incurred within a specific period of time. On the other hand, a cash flow statement records the amount of money that goes in and out of a company within a specific period of time.</p>","level":"medium","meta_title":"What is Profit and Loss (P&L) Statement? Definition & Meaning | Crypto Wiki","meta_description":"Profit and Loss (P&L) Statement meaning: Profit and Loss (P&L) Statement - is a type of financial statement that shows how the company has performed financially during a specific time period.","meta_keywords":null,"language":"en","created_at":"2022-04-08T13:53:45.000000Z","updated_at":"2022-10-03T07:09:56.000000Z","preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-profit-and-loss-pandl-statement"},"prevSection":{"id":643,"original_id":null,"author_id":40,"translator_id":null,"title":"What is Put Option?","slug":"what-is-put-option","section":"P","keyword":"Put Option","status":"published","definition":"holder can purchase an underlying security at a particular price within a specific time period.","content":"<p>A <strong>put option</strong> is essentially a contract that provides an owner the possibility to purchase an underlying security at a particular price within a specific time period. When the price of an asset goes down, the value of the put option goes up. The appeal of put options comes from the fact that they offer a <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-short/">short position</strong></a> in the underlying asset. This is the reason they are mostly utilized for dodging to contemplate the downside price movement.</p>\n<p>A put option bearer can <strong>place a protective put,</strong> which is an excellent risk mitigation method for avoiding losses up to a specified price, commonly defined as the striking price.</p>\n<p>Traditional financial markets include options that are either Call or Put. The key difference between trading traditional alternatives and crypto alternatives is that the crypto market is available 24 hours a day, seven days a week, while traditional financial markets are only open at specified times and days. Crypto markets are also more <strong>unstable,</strong> which implies that prices vary more rapidly and dramatically.</p>\n<p>As a result of the possibility of the stock going below the stated strike price as the time to expiration approaches, the value of a put option drops overall as the expiration time approaches.</p>\n<p>Selling the option contract back to the market serves as an alternative to evaluating the alternatives. The most basic and often used method of completing an option position is to sell it. In other terms, the investor does not exchange stocks. Rather, a movement in the price of the option leads to a net gain or loss for the investor.</p>\n<p>Moreover, brokerages and financial exchanges are the places where put options and other types of options are exchanged.</p>\n<p>Options traders are able to make use of unique characteristics and benefits provided by some brokers. The majority of brokers that specialize in options trading provide their services to interested buyers. It is very essential to pick a broker who is fitting for your investing needs.</p>\n<p>For a particular time period, the put buyer can rightfully sell an asset at the strike price. They deposit a premium for earning that benefit. However, if the underlying price goes below the strike price, the option will give profit, referring that it will, in fact, have <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-intrinsic-value/">intrinsic value</strong></a>.</p>\n<p>Besides, <strong>as the underlying asset's price declines, the worth of a put option rises, resulting in a bigger payout</strong>. When the price of an asset/stock/currency increases, the payout for a put option decreases or loses value. When put options are executed, investors have a sell position in the asset. As a consequence, they are typically used to balance or safeguard a long asset position from unfavorable fluctuations.</p>","level":"medium","meta_title":"What is Put Option? Definition & Meaning | Crypto Wiki","meta_description":"Put Option meaning: Put Option - holder can purchase an underlying security at a particular price within a specific time period.","meta_keywords":null,"language":"en","created_at":"2022-03-28T05:52:33.000000Z","updated_at":"2022-05-13T14:32:23.000000Z","preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-put-option"},"currentChapter":"P","currentSection":"what-is-procedural-programming","chapterTitle":"P","readingLevel":"hard"},"url":"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-procedural-programming","version":"cdd198d50cbe5c9c21c9329d7c096ffc"}" class="container-fluid d-flex crypto-book p-0"> Crypto Terms: Letter P
What is Procedural Programming?
Procedural Programming MEANING:
Procedural Programming -
a step-by-step instruction that presents the steps to a computer that should be followed to achieve the task.
Let's find out Procedural Programming meaning, definition in crypto,
what is Procedural Programming,
and all other detailed facts.
The first model that a developer learns is procedural programming. Procedural programming, in its most basic form, is the code that tells a device how to complete a task in logical steps. Procedural programming divides a program into procedures, which are sometimes known as routines or functions and consist of a set of activities to be performed. This paradigm adopts a top-down linear approach, treating data and procedures as two separate things.
A procedural programming paradigm is enabled by programming languages such as Haskell, C, Pascal, Fortran, and BASIC.
Procedural Programming Traits
The main traits of procedural programming include:
Modularity
Modularity occurs when two independent systems, each with its own set of goals, are brought together to complete a larger task first. The tasks of each group of systems would then be completed one by one until all tasks were completed.
Global Variable
A global variable is a variable that is declared independently of all other functions in the code. As a result, unlike a local variable, global variables can be used in any function.
Predefined Functions
A predefined function is an instruction that is defined by a name. Predefined functions are usually built into higher-level programming languages, however, they are retrieved from a library or registry rather than from the application. “charAt()” is an example of a predefined function that searches for a character's location in a string.
Local Variable
A local variable is defined in the method's main structure and is limited to the local scope to which it is assigned. It can only be used in the method for which it was created. If it’s used outside of that function, the code will stop working.
Parameter Passing
The technique of parameter passing is used to pass parameters to functions, procedures, or subroutines. "Pass by value," "pass by reference," "pass by result," "pass by value-result," and "pass by name" are all methods for passing parameters.
Procedural Programming vs. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)
Procedural programming is different from object-oriented programming (OOP) in that it is mostly concerned with functions, whereas OOP is primarily concerned with objects.
OOP is a top-down programming approach that makes use of the notion of objects to interact with the real world. The object-oriented programming paradigm is employed by the majority of commonly used programming languages, including C++, Python, and Java. OOP stores data in the form of fields of attributes and codes in objects in the form of procedures or methods. Below you’ll find the main distinction between these two programming techniques.
Origin
The declarative programming paradigm is connected to the OOP paradigm, whereas the procedural programming paradigm is derived from the imperative programming model.
Focus
The procedural programming paradigm is based on algorithms, which are mainly concerned with the storage, manipulation, and administration of data.
The object-oriented programming paradigm, on the other hand, focuses on the objects that developers desire to manipulate rather than the logic that is required to manipulate them.
Approach
Procedural programming takes a top-down approach to solve problems, breaking down a large and complex problem into smaller chunks that might be investigated separately.
A bottom-up approach, on the other hand, is used in object-oriented programming, which requires assembling smaller portions to create a larger object.
The procedural programming and object-oriented programming approaches are diametrically opposed.
Working Mechanism
The basic concept of procedural programming is to break down a tough problem into smaller sections that are easier to understand, handle, and manage.
Object-oriented programming, on the other hand, focuses on the objects that will be processed rather than the method or logic that will be used to process them.
Division of Programs
The procedural programming paradigm divides a program into functions or code chunks. In this paradigm, the function is the programming unit.
The OOP paradigm divides the program into various objects of classes, with the class serving as the programming unit.
Memory Requirement
The procedural programming paradigm operates with a very small amount of memory.
Object-oriented programming, on the other hand, needs a vast amount of memory.
Storage of Data
Data and related activity are stored in a single location in an object-oriented programming paradigm, whereas they are divided and stored in numerous regions in a procedural programming paradigm.
Besides, the procedural programming paradigm does not support parallel programming, while the object-oriented programming model does.
Communication
Code is communicated by invoking the program's function in the procedural programming paradigm.
In OOP, on the other hand, objects communicate with one another by passing messages.
Debugging and Repurposing Code
Debugging procedural programming is difficult while debugging object-oriented programming is basic and simple. In addition, when compared to procedural programming, object-oriented programming allows for far easier code reuse.
