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Investing","slug":"trading-and-investing","updated":null,"chapter":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/assets/crypto-book/chapters/learn-crypto-trading.jpg","chapter_simple":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/assets/crypto-book/chapters-simple/crypto-trading-101.jpg","rating":80,"sections":[{"slug":"where-to-trade-crypto","title":"Where Can You Trade 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Have?","featured_image_id":10729,"status":"published","chapter_id":7,"language":"en","order":2,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/how-to-invest-in-crypto","featured_image":{"id":10729,"uuid":"3439a1db-9892-404a-b4b6-a1db5a34bca4","public_url":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/storage/optimized/how-to-invest-in-crypto-featured-image.jpg","path":"crypto/storage/optimized/how-to-invest-in-crypto-featured-image.jpg","original_path":"crypto/storage/original/how-to-invest-in-crypto-featured-image.jpg","name":"how-to-invest-in-crypto-featured-image.jpg","original_name":"how-to-invest-in-crypto-featured-image.jpg","title":null,"alt":null,"width":1024,"height":576,"disk":"spaces","status":"uploaded","readable_file_size":"75.22KB"},"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"ico-vs-ido","title":"ICO vs IDO vs IEO: Which One is the One?","featured_image_id":11310,"status":"published","chapter_id":7,"language":"en","order":3,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/ico-vs-ido","featured_image":{"id":11310,"uuid":"315e8a2b-93a1-4870-be48-a2a09d801663","public_url":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/storage/optimized/ico-vs-ido-featured-image.jpg","path":"crypto/storage/optimized/ico-vs-ido-featured-image.jpg","original_path":"crypto/storage/original/ico-vs-ido-featured-image.jpg","name":"ico-vs-ido-featured-image.jpg","original_name":"ico-vs-ido-featured-image.jpg","title":null,"alt":null,"width":1024,"height":576,"disk":"spaces","status":"uploaded","readable_file_size":"64.39KB"},"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"what-is-an-airdrop","title":"What are Crypto Airdrops and How to Get Them?","featured_image_id":11359,"status":"published","chapter_id":7,"language":"en","order":4,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/what-is-an-airdrop","featured_image":{"id":11359,"uuid":"7b43c968-1275-4d3e-acb1-1707a43a4014","public_url":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/storage/optimized/what-is-an-airdrop-featured-image.jpg","path":"crypto/storage/optimized/what-is-an-airdrop-featured-image.jpg","original_path":"crypto/storage/original/what-is-an-airdrop-featured-image.jpg","name":"what-is-an-airdrop-featured-image.jpg","original_name":"what-is-an-airdrop-featured-image.jpg","title":null,"alt":null,"width":1024,"height":576,"disk":"spaces","status":"uploaded","readable_file_size":"66.05KB"},"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"how-to-get-free-crypto","title":"How to Get Free Crypto Assets?","featured_image_id":6542,"status":"published","chapter_id":7,"language":"en","order":5,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/how-to-get-free-crypto","featured_image":{"id":6542,"uuid":"4fceb9ab-391e-4ef9-b00d-c871a49878a3","public_url":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/storage/media/how-to-get-free-crypto.o.jpg","path":"crypto/storage/media/how-to-get-free-crypto.o.jpg","original_path":"crypto/storage/media/how-to-get-free-crypto.jpg","name":"how-to-get-free-crypto.o.jpg","original_name":"how-to-get-free-crypto.jpg","title":null,"alt":null,"width":768,"height":478,"disk":"spaces","status":"uploaded","readable_file_size":"93.93KB"},"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"how-to-arbitrage-crypto","title":"What is Crypto Arbitrage: The Main Principles","featured_image_id":null,"status":"published","chapter_id":7,"language":"en","order":6,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/how-to-arbitrage-crypto","featured_image":null,"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"what-is-fud","title":"What is FUD: How to Use It to Your Advantage While Investing in Crypto?","featured_image_id":11394,"status":"published","chapter_id":7,"language":"en","order":7,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/what-is-fud","featured_image":{"id":11394,"uuid":"defd32c5-d3e1-4e66-9f58-e2ee316bad3a","public_url":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/storage/optimized/what-is-fud-featured-image.jpg","path":"crypto/storage/optimized/what-is-fud-featured-image.jpg","original_path":"crypto/storage/original/what-is-fud-featured-image.jpg","name":"what-is-fud-featured-image.jpg","original_name":"what-is-fud-featured-image.jpg","title":null,"alt":null,"width":1024,"height":576,"disk":"spaces","status":"uploaded","readable_file_size":"65.30KB"},"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"investing-in-cryptocurrency","title":"Investing in Cryptocurrency: How to Manage Your Risks?","featured_image_id":null,"status":"published","chapter_id":7,"language":"en","order":8,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/investing-in-cryptocurrency","featured_image":null,"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"what-is-a-rug-pull-in-crypto","title":"What is a Rug Pull in Crypto?","featured_image_id":6532,"status":"published","chapter_id":7,"language":"en","order":9,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/what-is-a-rug-pull-in-crypto","featured_image":{"id":6532,"uuid":"be8043fb-078c-4487-9af9-d2d9c2b574ea","public_url":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/storage/media/what-is-a-rug-pull-in-crypto.o.jpg","path":"crypto/storage/media/what-is-a-rug-pull-in-crypto.o.jpg","original_path":"crypto/storage/media/what-is-a-rug-pull-in-crypto.jpg","name":"what-is-a-rug-pull-in-crypto.o.jpg","original_name":"what-is-a-rug-pull-in-crypto.jpg","title":null,"alt":null,"width":768,"height":478,"disk":"spaces","status":"uploaded","readable_file_size":"92.28KB"},"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"how-to-avoid-rug-pulls-in-crypto","title":"How to Spot and Avoid Rug Pulls?","featured_image_id":6555,"status":"published","chapter_id":7,"language":"en","order":10,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/how-to-avoid-rug-pulls-in-crypto","featured_image":{"id":6555,"uuid":"80cbed9d-3b4b-45d9-9a85-d2d8108c0f32","public_url":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/storage/media/how-to-avoid-rug-pulls.o.jpg","path":"crypto/storage/media/how-to-avoid-rug-pulls.o.jpg","original_path":"crypto/storage/media/how-to-avoid-rug-pulls.jpg","name":"how-to-avoid-rug-pulls.o.jpg","original_name":"how-to-avoid-rug-pulls.jpg","title":null,"alt":null,"width":768,"height":478,"disk":"spaces","status":"uploaded","readable_file_size":"111.99KB"},"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"how-to-avoid-crypto-taxes","title":"The Key Legal Techniques of Avoiding Crypto Taxes","featured_image_id":6526,"status":"published","chapter_id":7,"language":"en","order":11,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/how-to-avoid-crypto-taxes","featured_image":{"id":6526,"uuid":"1e44162c-ef1d-4010-81b4-9e8d1809aedf","public_url":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/storage/media/how-to-avoid-crypto-taxes.o.jpg","path":"crypto/storage/media/how-to-avoid-crypto-taxes.o.jpg","original_path":"crypto/storage/media/how-to-avoid-crypto-taxes.jpg","name":"how-to-avoid-crypto-taxes.o.jpg","original_name":"how-to-avoid-crypto-taxes.jpg","title":null,"alt":null,"width":768,"height":478,"disk":"spaces","status":"uploaded","readable_file_size":"99.10KB"},"youtube_video":null}]},{"id":8,"title":"Crypto Analysis","slug":"crypto-analysis","updated":null,"chapter":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/assets/crypto-book/chapters/learn-crypto-analysis.jpg","chapter_simple":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/assets/crypto-book/chapters-simple/crypto-analysis-101.jpg","rating":100,"sections":[{"slug":"what-is-bullish-and-bearish","title":"Bearish and Bullish Markets: Do They Matter?","featured_image_id":null,"status":"published","chapter_id":8,"language":"en","order":1,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/what-is-bullish-and-bearish","featured_image":null,"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"best-technical-analysis-indicators-for-crypto","title":"5 Best Crypto Technical Analysis Indicators You Must Know About","featured_image_id":null,"status":"published","chapter_id":8,"language":"en","order":2,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/best-technical-analysis-indicators-for-crypto","featured_image":null,"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"what-is-candlesticks","title":"Technical Analysis: What are Candlesticks, Trendlines, and Patterns?","featured_image_id":null,"status":"published","chapter_id":8,"language":"en","order":3,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/what-is-candlesticks","featured_image":null,"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"how-to-track-new-crypto-coins","title":"Crypto Tracking: How to Track Your Favorite Coins & Tokens?","featured_image_id":null,"status":"published","chapter_id":8,"language":"en","order":4,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/how-to-track-new-crypto-coins","featured_image":null,"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"how-to-research-crypto","title":"Crypto Research Fundamentals & Social Signals: Your Daily Trading Strategy","featured_image_id":null,"status":"published","chapter_id":8,"language":"en","order":5,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/how-to-research-crypto","featured_image":null,"youtube_video":null}]},{"id":9,"title":"Mining","slug":"mining","updated":false,"chapter":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/assets/crypto-book/chapters/learn-crypto-mining.jpg","chapter_simple":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/assets/crypto-book/chapters-simple/crypto-mining-101.jpg","rating":80,"sections":[]},{"id":10,"title":"Crypto Terms","updated":false,"chapter":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/assets/crypto-book/chapters/crypto-101-glossary.jpg","chapter_simple":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/assets/crypto-book/chapters-simple/crypto-glossary-101.jpg","rating":100,"sections":["A","B","C","D","E","F","G","H","I","J","K","L","M","N","O","P","Q","R","S","T","U","V","W","X","Y","Z"]}],"nextSection":{"id":568,"original_id":null,"author_id":42,"translator_id":null,"title":"What is Operating System (OS)?","slug":"what-is-operating-system-os","section":"O","keyword":"Operating System (OS)","status":"published","definition":"a software program that manages the resources of a computer.","content":"<p>Operating System (OS) is a <strong>software program</strong> that manages the resources of a computer and allows communication between programs and computer hardware.</p>\n<p>In the past, there were no operating systems. Thus, every computer program had to include all of the code needed<strong> to run the program</strong>,&nbsp;connect it to the hardware, and show the actual function of the program. Therefore, computer programs were difficult to create and too complicated to operate. Not to mention the fact that each piece of software could only <strong>run on the computer for which it was created</strong>. However, operating systems were created to change that.</p>\n<h2>Functions of Operating Systems (OS)</h2>\n<p>There are various functions conducted by OS in order to achieve specific objectives. These objectives include:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #169179;\">Memory Management</span>. To run a process, it must first be loaded into the main memory&nbsp;where it will be executed. The <strong>memory is released after the process is finished</strong>&nbsp;and it can be used for other things. Thus, managing memory via allocating and deallocating it for the processes is the responsibility of the OS.</li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #169179;\">Process Management</span>. <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-central-processing-unit-cpu/">CPU (one of the resources managed by OS) usually has <strong>a number of processes in the ready state</strong> at any given time. A processor, on the other hand, can only manage one process at a time. Thus, a CPU uses various techniques to ensure that operations have constant and uninterrupted access to resources. These techniques include <em>first-come, first-serve, round-robin, shortest job first, priority scheduling</em>, and so on.</li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #169179;\"><strong>File Management</strong></span>. Every computer has its own set of files, folders, and directory structures. The OS of the computer maintains and manages all of these. To keep track of the information of these files, a File Allocation Table (FAT) is used. The FAT <strong>keeps track of every detail of the file</strong>, including its name, size, type, and so on. Besides, the OS is also responsible for ensuring that the files are not opened by unauthorized people.</li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #169179;\">I/O Device Management</span>. There are various <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Input/output/" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noindex noopener\"><strong>I/O devices</strong></a> in a system. Diverse procedures require access to these devices, however, the processes <strong>should not access these devices directly</strong>. Therefore, it is the responsibility of the OS to manage access authorization of I/O devices.</li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #169179;\">Virtual Memory</span>. When the application's size surpasses the main memory, the OS is in charge of loading just the most frequently used pages <strong>into the main memory</strong>.</li>\n</ul>\n<h3>Most Popular Computer Operating Systems (OS)</h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Microsoft Windows &ndash; the most popular and frequently used operating system on computers. It runs on PCs and <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_PC_compatible/" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noindex noopener\"><strong>IBM-compatible</strong></a> systems.</li>\n<li>macOS &ndash; <strong>Apple's</strong> main operating system, which runs on both desktops computers and laptops.</li>\n<li>Linux &ndash; an open-source operating system that can be installed on PCs and IBM-compatible systems. It is used to generate a variety of Linux distributions, including <strong>Debian</strong>, Ubuntu, Slackware, and Red Hat.</li>\n<li>Chrome OS &ndash; the operating system that is pre-installed on <strong>Google Chromebooks</strong>.</li>\n</ul>\n<h3>Mobile Device Operating Systems (OS)</h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Android &ndash; the most widely used OS of the majority of well-known smartphone and tablet brands, except Apple.</li>\n<li>iOS &ndash; the OS of Apple smartphones and tablets.</li>\n</ul>","level":"medium","meta_title":"What is Operating System (OS)? Definition & Meaning | Crypto Wiki","meta_description":"Operating System (OS) meaning: Operating System (OS) - a software program that manages the resources of a computer.","meta_keywords":null,"language":"en","created_at":"2022-03-24T09:03:52.000000Z","updated_at":"2022-05-13T14:32:23.000000Z","preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-operating-system-os"},"prevSection":{"id":566,"original_id":null,"author_id":41,"translator_id":null,"title":"What is Offline Storage?","slug":"what-is-offline-storage","section":"O","keyword":"Offline Storage","status":"published","definition":"the storage of cryptocurrency or other digital assets in devices that do not maintain an internet connection.","content":"<p><strong>Offline storage</strong> is the storage of the <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-private-key-secret-key/">private keys</strong></a> of a <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-cryptocurrency/">cryptocurrency account in an offline device. Although it is common to say that offline storage is used for cryptocurrency itself, it&rsquo;s actually used to store the keys that grant access to the <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-crypto-asset/">crypto assets</strong></a>.</p>\n<p>Offline storage means that an internet connection is not required to access the keys. This prevents unauthorized attempts to access the storage device, thus reducing the risk of the keys or the crypto assets being stolen or misused. Offline storage makes it <strong>virtually impossible to steal sensitive information</strong> without physical access to the device.</p>\n<p><a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-online-storage/">Online storage</strong></a>, on the other hand, is used to keep data on devices that maintain an active internet connection. Such devices can be easier to access for malicious purposes as the encryption and other security measures in place may be compromised via the network.</p>\n<p>Although offline storage devices can come online for a short period of time while transferring transaction data to the network, they go offline after the procedure is finished. Any malicious party would not be able to view the private key, which is stored offline even if the transaction is accessible.</p>\n<p>The term offline storage is often used interchangeably with <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-cold-wallet/">cold wallet</strong></strong></a>, or <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-hardware-wallet/">hardware wallet</strong></a>. <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/goon/ledger-nano-x/" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noindex noopener\"><strong>Ledger</strong></a>, <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/goon/trezor-model-t/" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noindex noopener\"><strong>Trezor</strong></a>, and KeepKey are some of the best-known cold wallets. Other devices, such as <strong>CDs</strong>, USBs, or even <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-paper-wallet/">paper wallets</strong></a>, can be used for offline storage.</p>","level":"easy","meta_title":"What is Offline Storage? Definition & Meaning | Crypto Wiki","meta_description":"Offline Storage meaning: Offline Storage - the storage of cryptocurrency or other digital assets in devices that do not maintain an internet connection.","meta_keywords":null,"language":"en","created_at":"2022-03-24T07:52:55.000000Z","updated_at":"2022-05-13T14:32:23.000000Z","preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-offline-storage"},"currentChapter":"O","currentSection":"what-is-on-chain","chapterTitle":"O","readingLevel":"easy"},"url":"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-on-chain","version":"cdd198d50cbe5c9c21c9329d7c096ffc"}" class="container-fluid d-flex crypto-book p-0">
Handbook Cover Page
Crypto Terms: Letter O

What is On-Chain?

On-Chain MEANING:
On-Chain - cryptocurrency transactions done on the main blockchain.
Easy
1 minute

Let's find out On-Chain meaning, definition in crypto, what is On-Chain, and all other detailed facts.

On-chain transactions are completed and recorded directly on the main blockchain and shared with the rest of the network participants. The blockchain network is a distributed ledger that acts as a shared decentralized database.

Each new on-chain transaction has to be verified and written in a block using consensus algorithms. If the transaction data is considered valid, the new block is added to the end of the chain.

On-chain transactions that are logged in the blockchain can also be viewed on the distribution and public ledgers of the network. On-chain transactions have to be validated and authenticated by miners, validators, or other entities assigned to verify transaction data.

The miners must reach an agreed number of confirmations before an on-chain transaction can be confirmed. This process takes time and may be delayed due to network congestion or due to an increased volume of transactions needing confirmation.

On-chain transactions differ from off-chain transactions, which use a second-layer protocol and are not recorded on the main blockchain. Off-chain transactions can be completed faster and with lower transaction costs than on-chain before they are finalized and sent to the blockchain network for validation.
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