blockchain networks</strong></a>, <strong>an epoch describes a specific period of time</strong>. It determines the schedule of certain events on the blockchain network. Some of these events may include the distribution of incentives or the term of assigning new <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-validator/">validators.

/n

An epoch may also refer to the time it takes to complete a specified amount of blocks on the blockchain. Epochs may vary depending on the specific blockchain protocol.</p>\n<p>The <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/buy-ethereum-eth/">Ethereum (ETH)</strong></a> protocol has determined an epoch as the time to add 30,000 blocks to the chain. The overall length depends on the pace of transaction processing and agreements. The pace of an epoch averages at about 100 hours.</p>\n<p>In the Cardano (ADA) blockchain system, an epoch is defined as a time unit. Cardano relies on a customized <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-proof-of-stake-pos/">Proof-of-Stake (PoS)</strong></a> consensus algorithm known as <strong>Ouroboros Praos</strong>. The algorithm segments the blockchain into epochs of five days. The epochs are divided into separate slots of 20-second intervals. 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Them?","featured_image_id":11359,"status":"published","chapter_id":7,"language":"en","order":4,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/what-is-an-airdrop","featured_image":{"id":11359,"uuid":"7b43c968-1275-4d3e-acb1-1707a43a4014","public_url":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/storage/optimized/what-is-an-airdrop-featured-image.jpg","path":"crypto/storage/optimized/what-is-an-airdrop-featured-image.jpg","original_path":"crypto/storage/original/what-is-an-airdrop-featured-image.jpg","name":"what-is-an-airdrop-featured-image.jpg","original_name":"what-is-an-airdrop-featured-image.jpg","title":null,"alt":null,"width":1024,"height":576,"disk":"spaces","status":"uploaded","readable_file_size":"66.05KB"},"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"how-to-get-free-crypto","title":"How to Get Free Crypto Assets?","featured_image_id":6542,"status":"published","chapter_id":7,"language":"en","order":5,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/how-to-get-free-crypto","featured_image":{"id":6542,"uuid":"4fceb9ab-391e-4ef9-b00d-c871a49878a3","public_url":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/storage/media/how-to-get-free-crypto.o.jpg","path":"crypto/storage/media/how-to-get-free-crypto.o.jpg","original_path":"crypto/storage/media/how-to-get-free-crypto.jpg","name":"how-to-get-free-crypto.o.jpg","original_name":"how-to-get-free-crypto.jpg","title":null,"alt":null,"width":768,"height":478,"disk":"spaces","status":"uploaded","readable_file_size":"93.93KB"},"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"how-to-arbitrage-crypto","title":"What is Crypto Arbitrage: The Main Principles","featured_image_id":null,"status":"published","chapter_id":7,"language":"en","order":6,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/how-to-arbitrage-crypto","featured_image":null,"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"what-is-fud","title":"What is FUD: How to Use It to Your Advantage While Investing in 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Risks?","featured_image_id":null,"status":"published","chapter_id":7,"language":"en","order":8,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/investing-in-cryptocurrency","featured_image":null,"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"what-is-a-rug-pull-in-crypto","title":"What is a Rug Pull in Crypto?","featured_image_id":6532,"status":"published","chapter_id":7,"language":"en","order":9,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/what-is-a-rug-pull-in-crypto","featured_image":{"id":6532,"uuid":"be8043fb-078c-4487-9af9-d2d9c2b574ea","public_url":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/storage/media/what-is-a-rug-pull-in-crypto.o.jpg","path":"crypto/storage/media/what-is-a-rug-pull-in-crypto.o.jpg","original_path":"crypto/storage/media/what-is-a-rug-pull-in-crypto.jpg","name":"what-is-a-rug-pull-in-crypto.o.jpg","original_name":"what-is-a-rug-pull-in-crypto.jpg","title":null,"alt":null,"width":768,"height":478,"disk":"spaces","status":"uploaded","readable_file_size":"92.28KB"},"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"how-to-avoid-rug-pulls-in-crypto","title":"How to Spot and Avoid Rug Pulls?","featured_image_id":6555,"status":"published","chapter_id":7,"language":"en","order":10,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/how-to-avoid-rug-pulls-in-crypto","featured_image":{"id":6555,"uuid":"80cbed9d-3b4b-45d9-9a85-d2d8108c0f32","public_url":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/storage/media/how-to-avoid-rug-pulls.o.jpg","path":"crypto/storage/media/how-to-avoid-rug-pulls.o.jpg","original_path":"crypto/storage/media/how-to-avoid-rug-pulls.jpg","name":"how-to-avoid-rug-pulls.o.jpg","original_name":"how-to-avoid-rug-pulls.jpg","title":null,"alt":null,"width":768,"height":478,"disk":"spaces","status":"uploaded","readable_file_size":"111.99KB"},"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"how-to-avoid-crypto-taxes","title":"The Key Legal Techniques of Avoiding Crypto 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About","featured_image_id":null,"status":"published","chapter_id":8,"language":"en","order":2,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/best-technical-analysis-indicators-for-crypto","featured_image":null,"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"what-is-candlesticks","title":"Technical Analysis: What are Candlesticks, Trendlines, and Patterns?","featured_image_id":null,"status":"published","chapter_id":8,"language":"en","order":3,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/what-is-candlesticks","featured_image":null,"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"how-to-track-new-crypto-coins","title":"Crypto Tracking: How to Track Your Favorite Coins & Tokens?","featured_image_id":null,"status":"published","chapter_id":8,"language":"en","order":4,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/how-to-track-new-crypto-coins","featured_image":null,"youtube_video":null},{"slug":"how-to-research-crypto","title":"Crypto Research Fundamentals & Social Signals: Your Daily Trading Strategy","featured_image_id":null,"status":"published","chapter_id":8,"language":"en","order":5,"modified_content":null,"preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/how-to-research-crypto","featured_image":null,"youtube_video":null}]},{"id":9,"title":"Mining","slug":"mining","updated":false,"chapter":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/assets/crypto-book/chapters/learn-crypto-mining.jpg","chapter_simple":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/assets/crypto-book/chapters-simple/crypto-mining-101.jpg","rating":80,"sections":[]},{"id":10,"title":"Crypto Terms","updated":false,"chapter":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/assets/crypto-book/chapters/crypto-101-glossary.jpg","chapter_simple":"https://assets.bitdegree.org/crypto/assets/crypto-book/chapters-simple/crypto-glossary-101.jpg","rating":100,"sections":["A","B","C","D","E","F","G","H","I","J","K","L","M","N","O","P","Q","R","S","T","U","V","W","X","Y","Z"]}],"nextSection":{"id":320,"original_id":null,"author_id":41,"translator_id":null,"title":"What is ERC-1155?","slug":"what-is-erc-1155","section":"E","keyword":"ERC-1155","status":"published","definition":"an Ethereum-based token standard that offers higher security and tradeability compared to the older ERC standards.","content":"<p>ERC-1155 are tokens based on the Ethereum blockchain. They are considered to be secure, hack-proof, and tradeable. ERC-1155 can be utilized to create new <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-fungible/">fungible tokens</strong></a> that can serve as currencies on different platforms.</p>\n<p>ERC-1155 tokens are optimized to improve the efficiency and security of crypto transactions. The cost of token transfer is reduced thanks to the option to bundle the transactions.</p>\n<p><strong>ERC-1155 token is an upgraded version of the older Ethereum token standards</strong>, such as the fungible <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-erc-20/">ERC-20 or the non-fungible <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-erc-721/">ERC-721. Both of the older standards are widely used in the Ethereum ecosystem. However, they come with certain limitations and issues that have been patched with the release of newer token standards.</p>\n<p>The ERC-20 and ERC-721 tokens provide completely different functionalities and cannot be used interchangeably. Attempts to do so may lead to network disruptions or failure. The ERC-1155 token was developed as<strong> a single contract that implements features of both &ndash; ERC-20 and ERC-721 token standards</strong>.</p>\n<p>ERC-1155 provides more efficient token management and expands past some of the limitations of the older standards. ERC-1155 tokens can execute a deterministic <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-smart-contract/">smart contract</strong></a> function by sending a token to a specific address.</p>\n<p>If a token is sent to a <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-decentralized-exchange-dex/">decentralized exchange (DEX)</strong></a> address, another token can immediately return to the sender&rsquo;s address. Using ERC-1155, tokens can be easily wrapped, converted, or <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-escrow/">escrowed without any direct contact with the smart contract. The users can simply send the token to a specific address to initiate the process.</p>\n<p><strong>ERC-1155 stands out for its secure token transfer capabilities</strong>. These tokens contain a function used to verify the completion of the transaction. If the transaction is not fulfilled, the tokens are returned back to the sender&rsquo;s wallet.</p>\n<p>If a user makes a mistake when setting up a transaction or mixes up the wallet addresses, leading to the tokens being sent to the wrong recipient, the ERC-1155 standard declares the transfer void and the tokens can be recovered. This functionality is not possible with the older ERC standards. The mechanics of ERC-1155 also help prevent <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-double-spend-attack/">double-spending attacks</strong></a>.</p>\n<p>In general, ERC-1155 offers <strong>wider functionality and more flexibility</strong> than the ERC-20 and ERC-721 standards. It is expected that the ERC-1155 tokens will become increasingly popular in the Ethereum ecosystem, possibly dethroning the older, non-interchangeable tokens.</p>","level":"medium","meta_title":"What is ERC-1155? Definition & Meaning | Crypto Wiki","meta_description":"ERC-1155 meaning: ERC-1155 - an Ethereum-based token standard that offers higher security and tradeability compared to the older ERC standards.","meta_keywords":null,"language":"en","created_at":"2022-03-14T06:38:37.000000Z","updated_at":"2022-10-03T14:22:16.000000Z","preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-erc-1155"},"prevSection":{"id":318,"original_id":null,"author_id":40,"translator_id":null,"title":"What is ERC-777?","slug":"what-is-erc-777","section":"E","keyword":"ERC-777","status":"published","definition":"a token standard for producing fungible tokens on the Ethereum network, which allows a novel token contract interaction method that is backward compatible.","content":"<p>ERC-777 is a token standard that allows producing tokens on the Ethereum blockchain, similar to the <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-erc-20/">ERC-20 token standard. However, it <strong>makes complex token trading possible</strong> and helps clear up any confusion over various processes like <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-minting/">minting and <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-burning/">burning. This standard transforms current fungible token models and offers a safer and more effective approach to carry out the token exchange.</p>\n<p>Even though ERC-777 ontracts interact in the same manner ERC-20 contracts do, the distinctive feature of the former is a <strong>hook mechanism</strong>. It simplifies the exchange of tokens between accounts and contracts. The hook mechanism is enabled once the tokens get sent to a computer-based analytical contract.</p>\n<p>Besides that, the ERC-777 token standard has many more advantages. For starters, it allows anyone to <strong>add new capabilities to tokens</strong>. For example, you can add an emergency recovery mechanism that would assist you if you were to misplace your <strong><a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-private-key-secret-key/">private keys</a></strong>.</p>\n<p>Another advantage of ERC-777 is the \"<strong>tokensReceived</strong>\" code, which is included in a contract. It is activated when tokens are received. The code helps to avoid the duplicate call that occurs with the <strong>ERC-20</strong> token standard when only the ERC-20 token owner is changed during the asset transfer from one <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-smart-contract/">smart contract</strong></a> to another.</p>\n<p>Additionally, the ERC-777 uses the brand-new <strong>ERC-820 standard</strong>. It makes it possible to register meta-data for contracts, facilitating a fundamental type of introspection. In addition to expanding capabilities, this makes it possible for <strong>backward compatibility</strong>.</p>\n<p>Moving further, the token standard has a <strong>new transfer function</strong>. Any identification info can be added to the transfer in a field called \"bytes.\" It is then used to instantly alert the recipient contract when a transfer gets completed.</p>\n<p>Now, even though the early security issues of ERC-777 have been fixed, it can still have some limitations like any other token.</p>\n<p>For instance, since it is possible to send ERC-777 tokens to any Ethereum address, you can essentially transfer them to contracts that do not support them, completely locking them in. And, even if the tokens can be mannualy moved, it is very hard to identify who sent the tokens back and from where.</p>\n<p>If you're curious <strong>where to get tokens based on the ERC-777</strong>&nbsp;standard, you can acquire them on most popular exchanges like <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/goon/binance/" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noindex noopener\"><strong>Binance</strong></a> or <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"/crypto/goon/bybit/" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noindex noopener\"><strong>Bybit</strong></a>. For instance, <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/buy-bancor-bnt/">Bancor (BNT)</strong></a>, <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"https://www.bitdegree.org/cryptocurrency-prices/maker-mkr-price/">MakerDAO (MKR)</strong></a>, or <strong><a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/buy-loopring-lrc/">Loopring (LRC)</a></strong> are all based on this standard.</p>","level":"medium","meta_title":"What is ERC-777? Definition & Meaning | Crypto Wiki","meta_description":"ERC-777 meaning: ERC-777 - a token standard for producing fungible tokens on the Ethereum network, which allows a novel token contract interaction method that is backward compatible.","meta_keywords":null,"language":"en","created_at":"2022-03-10T14:36:49.000000Z","updated_at":"2023-05-08T10:34:52.000000Z","preview_url":"https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-erc-777"},"currentChapter":"E","currentSection":"what-is-epoch","chapterTitle":"E","readingLevel":"medium"},"url":"/crypto/learn/crypto-terms/what-is-epoch","version":"cdd198d50cbe5c9c21c9329d7c096ffc"}" class="container-fluid d-flex crypto-book p-0">

Handbook Cover Page
Crypto Terms: Letter E

What is Epoch?

Epoch MEANING:
Epoch - in computer science, a run of algorithmic training of a dataset; in crypto, a specific period of time.
Medium
2 minutes

Let's find out Epoch meaning, definition in crypto, what is Epoch, and all other detailed facts.

An epoch in machine learning is one run of the dataset training process in the context of artificial neural networks. The neural network is given training data in diverse patterns. After several epochs, the network is expected to have developed better generalization once given new unobserved input, or test data.

The parameters of the datasets differ with every epoch, and the batch gradient descent learning algorithms are given different names according to the epoch batch. The size of the batch is one or higher and serves as the integer value in the epoch number.

The batch can sometimes be represented as a for-loop with a specific number assigned to it, and each loop route goes through the entire training dataset.

If the sample batch size value is set at one, the for-loop has a layer allowing it to run through a specific predetermined sample in one batch. Based on some parameters related to the date and the objective of the model, it can be established how many epochs a model is set to run. This procedure can then be converted into an algorithm.

An epoch is seen determined when the neural network transmits the entire dataset forward and backward. The epoch is segmented into several smaller batches to reduce the load, as one single epoch may be too big to send to the computer.

In terms of blockchain networks, an epoch describes a specific period of time. It determines the schedule of certain events on the blockchain network. Some of these events may include the distribution of incentives or the term of assigning new validators.

An epoch may also refer to the time it takes to complete a specified amount of blocks on the blockchain. Epochs may vary depending on the specific blockchain protocol.

The Ethereum (ETH) protocol has determined an epoch as the time to add 30,000 blocks to the chain. The overall length depends on the pace of transaction processing and agreements. The pace of an epoch averages at about 100 hours.

In the Cardano (ADA) blockchain system, an epoch is defined as a time unit. Cardano relies on a customized Proof-of-Stake (PoS) consensus algorithm known as Ouroboros Praos. The algorithm segments the blockchain into epochs of five days. The epochs are divided into separate slots of 20-second intervals. Every epoch has 432,000 slots, the equivalent of five days, available.
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